HomeTechnical notes › How to Read Explosion-Proof Distribution Box Standards: Making Sense of Ex d IIB T4

05 Informational content / Technical articles 2026-09-26 Published ~ 11 min read GB 3836 · IEC 60079

How to Read Explosion-Proof Distribution Box Standards
Making Sense of Ex d IIB T4 · Selection Table + Acceptance Checklist

An explosion-proof distribution box standard is essentially a combination of 3 letters and numbers — protection type (Ex d) + gas group (IIB) + temperature class (T4). Each letter and number maps to a specific clause in the GB 3836 series and the IEC 60079 series. This article breaks down the marking across 3 dimensions and provides a completeprotection type × gas group × temperature classselection table, plus 5 acceptance Q&As.Compliance note: explosion-proof products are manufactured and supplied in joint supply with an Ex-qualified manufacturer; the actual explosion-proof rating is limited to the scope of the partner's certificate.

1. The 3 Standard Systems Behind Explosion-Proof Distribution Boxes GB 3836 · IEC 60079 · ATEX

The 3 standard systems behind explosion-proof distribution boxes:

SystemRegionMain ContentRelationship
GB 3836 seriesChinaElectrical apparatus for explosive atmospheresIdentical to IEC 60079
IEC 60079 seriesInternational Electrotechnical CommissionElectrical apparatus for explosive atmospheresInternationally accepted
ATEX 2014/34/EUEuropean UnionCE certification for explosion-proof equipmentMandatory for EU market access

For domestic projects, follow GB 3836; for EU export, also obtain ATEX(i.e., IEC 60079 + CE certification); for export to North America, add UL / CSA. Zhejiang Golden Unicorn can coordinate with partner certificates.

2. How to choose an explosion-proof type: Ex d / e / p / i? 4 basic types + 7 sub-types

Explosion-proof electrical equipment isExplosion-proof type(explosion-proof principle) divided into 7 types, with 4 most commonly used:

TypeCodePrincipleApplication
FlameproofEx dContains internal explosion, prevents propagation to the surrounding atmosphereGas environment Zone 1 / 2 mainstream
Increased safetyEx eHigher safety factorZone 1 / 2 light hazard area
PressurizedEx pMaintains positive internal pressureLarge control cabinet / distribution room
Intrinsically safeEx iLimits circuit energyInstrument / signal circuit
Encapsulated typeEx mComponents encapsulated in resinSmall components / luminaires
Sand-filled typeEx qFilled with quartz sandLuminaires / small components
Oil-immersed typeEx oImmersed in oilTransformers / switches
Most common selection

Gas environment: 90% choose Ex d IIB T4(general purpose); dust environment: choose Ex tD(dust explosion-proof); instrument signals: choose Ex ia(intrinsically safe, the safest).

3. How to choose gas group IIA / IIB / IIC? Corresponding to different explosive gases

GroupRepresentative gasExplosivenessApplication
IIAPropane / gasoline / methanolLowGeneral chemical area
IIBEthylene / dimethyl ether / coal gasMediumMainstream in petrochemical / chemical
IICHydrogen / acetylene / carbon disulfideHighMost hazardous environment

Selection rule of thumb:Choose IIA over IIB, choose IIB over IIC. Type IIA is the cheapest, IIC the most expensive. The vast majority of petrochemical projects can use IIB.

4. How to select temperature class T1–T6 Corresponding maximum surface temperature of equipment

GroupMaximum surface temperatureSuitable environment
T1450°CNo flammable gas below 450°C
T2300°CGeneral chemical
T3200°CGeneral chemical / fuel depot
T4135°CMost common (chemical / pharma / coating)
T5100°CDust environment
T685°CMost demanding environments

Selection rule of thumb:Choose T6 over T5, choose T4 over T3. The lower the T number (the lower the temperature limit), the safer it is — but the more expensive. Most projects use T4 and that is sufficient.

5. Explosion-proof distribution box selection table One table covers it all

ApplicationRecommended explosion-proof markingReason for selection
General chemical workshopEx d IIB T4General-purpose, budget-friendly
Gas station / fuel depotEx d IIA T3Gasoline / diesel, Group IIA
Pharma / coatingEx d IIB T4T4 prevents surface high-temperature ignition
Hydrogen stationEx d IIC T6IIC hydrogen + T6, most demanding
Underground coal mineEx d I (mining methane)GB 3836.2 mining-duty
Dust workshop (flour / coal dust)Ex tD T4Dust explosion-proof, not equivalent to gas
Compliance position

Explosion-proof products are manufactured in joint supply with an Ex-qualified specialist factory. Zhejiang Golden Unicorn can take onexplosion-proof distribution box orders(including Ex d / Ex e / Ex tD); the specific explosion-proof rating is subject to the scope of the partner's certificate.Ex certificate verification is available; qualification documents are supplied with the shipment..

6. Five key points for accepting an explosion-proof distribution box (must-check items at site acceptance)

  1. Check the Ex marking: The cabinet nameplate must carry the Ex marking + explosion protection type + gas group + temperature class — all four are required.
  2. Check the Ex certificate: Issued by an Ex certification body; a copy stamped with the official seal, and the certificate number can be verified on the website of the China National Quality Supervision and Inspection Center for Explosion-Protected Electrical Products.
  3. Check the installation method: Explosion-proof conduit / explosion-proof flexible conduit / explosion-proof cable glands must match the explosion protection type — you cannot use ordinary conduit with an explosion-proof box.
  4. Check grounding: An explosion-proof cabinet must have a dedicated grounding terminal, with grounding resistance ≤ 4Ω.
  5. Check fasteners: All bolts must be stainless steel, with spring washers complete — none may be missing.
SCHEMATICExFlameproof jointFlanged / cylindrical joint · GB 3836.2Thick-walled enclosureSteel ≥4 mm / cast aluminumEx cable glandDedicated ground terminalGround resistance ≤ 4Ω
Figure 1 — Flameproof (Ex d) enclosure structure: thick-wall enclosure, flameproof joint surface, explosion-proof cable glands, dedicated grounding terminal.schematic · diagram
SCHEMATICExplosion-proof marking: five segments, none optionalExdIIBT4GbExplosion-proof equipmentFlameproof (Ex d)Gas groupTemperature classEquipment protection levelGB 3836 general markingGB 3836.2 · flameproof enclosureEthylene / dimethyl etherSurface ≤ 135°CZone 1 / 2Ex d IIB T4 GbComplete marking example · every segment must appear on the nameplate
Figure 2 — Explosion-proof marking nameplate composition: Ex d IIB T4 Gb broken down into five segments; if any one is missing, acceptance inspection fails.schematic · diagram
SCHEMATICEx cable gland / flexible conduit entryMust match the protection type · plain conduit must not enter an Ex enclosure directlyDedicated ground terminalGround resistance ≤ 4Ω · stainless bolts with spring washers
Figure 3 — Incoming line and grounding acceptance diagram: cable glands / flexible conduit must match the explosion protection type, grounding resistance ≤ 4Ω.schematic · diagram

FAQ FAQ

Does Golden Unicorn hold its own Ex certificate?

Golden Unicorn can take on explosion-proof distribution box orders, manufactured in joint supply with an Ex-qualified specialist factory. The specific explosion protection rating is subject to the scope of the partner's certificate.Ex certificate verification is available; qualification documents are supplied with the shipment..

How much more does an explosion-proof distribution box cost than a standard one?

For the same specification,Ex d IIB T4 flameproof is 100–200% more expensive(thicker enclosure + complex machining + specialized components); Ex e increased safety is 50–100% more; Ex i intrinsically safe is 30–60% more. Golden Unicorn builds explosion-proof cabinets, MOQ 1 unit, 15–25 days.

How do you read the Ex d IIB T4 marking?

Ex = explosion-proof;d = flameproof;IIB = gas group IIB;T4 = maximum surface temperature 135°C. Full marking:Ex d IIB T4 Gb.Gb is the equipment protection level (EPL); Zone 1 areas use Gb.

Can an explosion-proof distribution box be fitted with circuit breakers?

Yes, but explosion-proof circuit breakers must be used(marked with the Ex d symbol). Fitting ordinary circuit breakers inside an explosion-proof cabinet defeats the purpose of explosion protection, because sparks can escape through the operating mechanism. Golden Unicorn explosion-proof cabinetscome standard with explosion-proof components(Schneider / ABB explosion-proof series).

What explosion protection is used in dust environments?

Dust environments use Ex tD dust explosion protection(GB 12476 series), which is a different system from gas explosion protection (Ex d).Common marking: Ex tD T4. Golden Unicorn can build dust explosion-proof cabinets — we have supplied flour, coal dust, aluminum powder and feed mill workshops.

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